Effects of second-hand and third-hand smoke
SOURCES:
American Cancer Society: “Second-hand smoke”.
Office of the Surgeon General: “The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke: a report from the Surgeon General”, June 27, 2006.
National Cancer Institute: “Second-hand smoke: questions and answers”.
CDC: “Secondhand Smoke: What It Means to You.”
CDC: “Trends in exposure to second-hand smoke.”
Hey. Traffic2008.
American Heart Association: “Toddlers are most affected by secondary exposure in the home.”
American Lung Association: “Secondhand Smoke Fact Sheet.”
American Heart Association: “Smoking: do you really know the risks?” »
CDC: “Smoking cigarettes in the United States”.
Chemical research in toxicology: “Thirdhand Smoke: New Evidence, Challenges, and Future Directions.”
Cleveland Clinic: “The dangers of second-hand smoke – especially for children and those who don’t smoke.”
Clinical sciences: “In utero and early exposure to second-hand smoke causes profound changes in the immune system.
eBioMedicine: “Dermal exposure to secondhand smoke induces oxidative damage, initiates inflammatory markers in the skin, and negatively alters the human plasma proteome.”
Mayo Clinic: “What is third-hand smoke and why is it a Worry?”
PNAS: “Indoor formation by surface reactions of nicotine with nitrous acid, resulting in potential secondhand smoke hazards.”
Scientists progress: “Human Transport of Second-hand Tobacco Smoke: A Significant Source of Hazardous Air Pollutants in Non-Smoking Indoor Environments.”
Tobacco Control: “Third-hand smoke: here to stay”, “When smokers move out and non-smokers move in: pollution and exposure to residential third-hand smoke”, “Households contaminated by environmental tobacco smoke: sources of infant exposure”.
European journal of research: “Should we be concerned about children’s exposure to third-hand by-products generated by electronic nicotine delivery systems?”
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